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[[File:Abydos Tempelrelief Ramses II. 26.JPG|thumb|upright|Thoth, Temple of Ramesses II, Abydos, Egypt]] | [[File:Abydos Tempelrelief Ramses II. 26.JPG|thumb|upright|Thoth, Temple of Ramesses II, Abydos, Egypt]] | ||
Thoth was an Egyptian God, also called Tehuti; the god of wisdom, learning and literature; the inventor of all arts and sciences, including writing, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, theology, political economy, medicine, surgery, music and musical instruments. He is usually depicted as counselor and friend of the Egyptian rulers Osiris and Horus, the scribe of the kingdom and amanuensis of the gods. | '''Thoth''' was an Egyptian God, also called Tehuti; the god of wisdom, learning and literature; the inventor of all arts and sciences, including writing, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, theology, political economy, medicine, surgery, music and musical instruments. He is usually depicted as counselor and friend of the Egyptian rulers [[Isis and Osiris|Osiris]] and Horus, the scribe of the kingdom and amanuensis of the gods. | ||
Succeeding Horus to the throne, Thoth is said to have reigned for over three thousand years as a model ruler, then to have taken his place among the gods as guardian of the moon, patron of history, herald, scribe, and keeper of the divine archives. In addition, he is the recorder of the judgment who weighs the hearts of the deceased and reports the verdict before Osiris. Thoth is often portrayed as an ibis (a bird related to a heron with a long downwardly curved bill) or an ibis-headed man; the exact significance of this symbology has never been discovered. | Succeeding Horus to the throne, Thoth is said to have reigned for over three thousand years as a model ruler, then to have taken his place among the gods as guardian of the moon, patron of history, herald, scribe, and keeper of the divine archives. In addition, he is the recorder of the judgment who weighs the hearts of the deceased and reports the verdict before Osiris. Thoth is often portrayed as an ibis (a bird related to a heron with a long downwardly curved bill) or an ibis-headed man; the exact significance of this symbology has never been discovered. | ||
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Hargrave Jennings wrote in his introduction to one of the extant works of Hermes, ''The Divine Pymander'': | Hargrave Jennings wrote in his introduction to one of the extant works of Hermes, ''The Divine Pymander'': | ||
<blockquote>Hermes was called by the Egyptians T<small>AT</small>, T<small>AUT</small>, T<small>HOTH</small>. It is concluded that, because of his learning and address, and in wonder at his profound skill in the arts and sciences, that the people gave him the name of T<small>RISMEGISTUS</small>, or the ‘T<small>HRICE</small> G<small>REAT</small>.’... Some have been so fanciful as to make him one with A<small>DAM</small>,” as well as Enoch, Canaan, and the patriarch Joseph.</blockquote> | <blockquote>Hermes was called by the Egyptians T<small>AT</small>, T<small>AUT</small>, T<small>HOTH</small>. It is concluded that, because of his learning and address, and in wonder at his profound skill in the arts and sciences, that the people gave him the name of T<small>RISMEGISTUS</small>, or the ‘T<small>HRICE</small> G<small>REAT</small>.’... Some have been so fanciful as to make him one with A<small>DAM</small>,” as well as [[Enoch]], Canaan, and the patriarch Joseph.</blockquote> | ||
<blockquote>Perhaps—in spite of all the foregoing exaggerations, which are always the lot of very great and highly distinguished men, who became deified in after-times—the most probable judgment to be formed concerning him is, that he was some person of superior genius, who, before the time of Moses, had invented useful arts, and taught the first rudiments of science; and who caused his instructions to be engraved in emblematical figures (hieroglyphics), upon tables or columns of stone (obelisks), which he dispersed over the country, for the purpose of enlightening the people, and of fixing the worship of the gods....</blockquote> | <blockquote>Perhaps—in spite of all the foregoing exaggerations, which are always the lot of very great and highly distinguished men, who became deified in after-times—the most probable judgment to be formed concerning him is, that he was some person of superior genius, who, before the time of Moses, had invented useful arts, and taught the first rudiments of science; and who caused his instructions to be engraved in emblematical figures (hieroglyphics), upon tables or columns of stone (obelisks), which he dispersed over the country, for the purpose of enlightening the people, and of fixing the worship of the gods....</blockquote> | ||