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When the Roman soldier Longinus pierced Jesus’ side with a [[Spear of Longinus|lance]], Joseph raised the cup and caught the sacred blood which flowed from the wound. (According to John 19:34, there flowed therefrom water and blood.) Joseph preserved the cup and its contents, and the Grail became his guardian and comforter. | When the Roman soldier Longinus pierced Jesus’ side with a [[Spear of Longinus|lance]], Joseph raised the cup and caught the sacred blood which flowed from the wound. (According to John 19:34, there flowed therefrom water and blood.) Joseph preserved the cup and its contents, and the Grail became his guardian and comforter. | ||
[[File:2009CB7500 2500.jpg|thumb|Ivory panel depicting the crucifixion of Christ (c. 860–870, France). Joseph of Arimathea is shown on the left holding up the Holy Grail to catch the blood issuing from the side of Jesus.]] | |||
== Earlier sources for the Grail romances == | == Earlier sources for the Grail romances == | ||
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<blockquote>One should add that, while “Nepos” often means grandson, it may merely mean kinsman.... It is said that every one of the twelve Knights of the Round Table was descended from St. Joseph.<ref>Lewis, ''Joseph of Arimathea at Glastonbury'', pp. 158–59.</ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>One should add that, while “Nepos” often means grandson, it may merely mean kinsman.... It is said that every one of the twelve Knights of the Round Table was descended from St. Joseph.<ref>Lewis, ''Joseph of Arimathea at Glastonbury'', pp. 158–59.</ref></blockquote> | ||
[[File:Flickr 18261535420 77a1ff456c o.jpg|thumb|upright|Joseph of Arimathea, stained glass window in Chichester Cathedral]] | |||
== Early Christian sources on Joseph of Arimathea == | == Early Christian sources on Joseph of Arimathea == | ||
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More specifically, the French tradition, according to Taylor, says: | More specifically, the French tradition, according to Taylor, says: | ||
<blockquote>After the first persecution, when St. James was slain by the sword, those who had followed him were thrust into a boat, without oars or sails, on the coast of Palestine somewhere near to Mount Carmel, and so got rid of. In the boat were: St. Mary, wife of Cleopas, St. Salome (often called St. Mary Salome also), St. Mary Magdalene, St. Martha, and with the two latter was their maid Marcella. They were accompanied by the following men: Lazarus, Joseph of Arimathea, Trophimius, Maximin, Cleon, Eutropius, Sidonius (Restitutus, “the man born blind”), Martial, and Saturnius.<ref>Ibid., p. 126.</ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>After the first persecution, when St. James was slain by the sword, those who had followed him were thrust into a boat, without oars or sails, on the coast of Palestine somewhere near to Mount Carmel, and so got rid of. In the boat were: St. Mary, wife of Cleopas, St. Salome (often called St. Mary Salome also), St. [[Mary Magdalene]], St. Martha, and with the two latter was their maid Marcella. They were accompanied by the following men: Lazarus, Joseph of Arimathea, Trophimius, Maximin, Cleon, Eutropius, Sidonius (Restitutus, “the man born blind”), Martial, and Saturnius.<ref>Ibid., p. 126.</ref></blockquote> | ||
The apocryphal ''Acts of Magdalen'', or ''Life of St. Mary Magdalene'', compiled in the eighth or ninth century by Rabanus Maurus, archbishop of Mainz, gives confirmation to the story: | The apocryphal ''Acts of Magdalen'', or ''Life of St. Mary Magdalene'', compiled in the eighth or ninth century by Rabanus Maurus, archbishop of Mainz, gives confirmation to the story: | ||
<blockquote>Leaving the shores of Asia ... they came near to the city of Marseilles, in the Viennoise Province of Gaul, where the river Rhone is received by the sea. There, having called upon God, the King of all the world, they parted; each company going to the province where the Holy Spirit had directed them; presently preaching everywhere, “the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following.”<ref>Rabanus Maurus, ''The Life of Saint Mary Magdalene and of Her Sister Saint Martha'', ch. 37, quoted in John Pinkston, ''Our Lost National Identity: Tracing the Lineage of Israel’s Lost Ten Tribes'' (Mustang, Okl.: Tate Publishing, 2007), p. 329.</ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>Leaving the shores of Asia ... they came near to the city of Marseilles, in the Viennoise Province of Gaul, where the river Rhone is received by the sea. There, having called upon God, the King of all the world, they parted; each company going to the province where the Holy Spirit had directed them; presently preaching everywhere, “the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following.”<ref>Rabanus Maurus, ''The Life of Saint Mary Magdalene and of Her Sister Saint Martha'', ch. 37, quoted in John Pinkston, ''Our Lost National Identity: Tracing the Lineage of Israel’s Lost Ten Tribes'' (Mustang, Okl.: Tate Publishing, 2007), p. 329.</ref></blockquote> | ||
[[File:St Maximin-sarcophage de Marie Madeleine.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Sarcophagus of Mary Magdalene, crypt of the Basilica of Mary Magdalene, Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume. This church also contains a relic venerated as the skull of Mary Magdalene]] | |||
== Traditions in the south of France == | == Traditions in the south of France == | ||